Two laws, one museum
the case of the National Museum of The American Indian, the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, and the National Museum of the American Indian Act
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24885/sab.v33i3.855Keywords:
NMAI, NMAIA, NAGPRAAbstract
The American patrimonial legislation has several specificities. One law of great importance on the national scene dealt, in 1989, with the installation of a museum aimed at disseminating and researching the history of Native American communities, the National Museum of the American Indian, as part of the Smithsonian Institution. Its creation also established the criteria for the repatriation of human remains and funerary objects present in the collections acquired for the formation of the museum. Based on the NMAIA (National Museum of the American Indian Act), a second law was passed in the following year, the NAGPRA (Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act). Nationwide, NAGPRA has become one of the most important and well-known heritage laws in the world.
Downloads
References
ABOUT THE MUSEUM. Disponível em https://americanindian.si.edu/about. Acessado em 10/09/2020.
BRANCHE, Winnel. Indigenous in charge: are museums ready? In: CANADIAN MUSEUM OF CIVILIZATION; UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA (B.C.); CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM; COMMONWEALTH ASSOCIATION OF MUSEUMS. Curatorship: indigenous perspectives in post-colonial societies - proceedings. Canadian Museum of Civilization Commonwealth Association of Museums and the University of Victoria: Ottawa, 1996, p.119-138.
CRYNE, Julia A. NAGPRA Revisited: A twenty-year review of repatriation efforts. American Indian Law Review. University of Oklahoma College of Law, v.34, n.1, p.99-122, 2009-2010.
DAEHNKE, Jon; LONETREE, Amy. Repatriation in the United States: the current state of NAGPRA. In: LYNDON, Jane; RIZVI, Uzma Z. (eds). Handbook of Postcolonial Archaeology. Nova Iorque: Routledge, 2016, p.245-255.
DOXTATOR, Deborah. The implications od Canadia Nationalism for aboriginal cultural autonomy. In: CANADIAN MUSEUM OF CIVILIZATION; UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA (B.C.); CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM; COMMONWEALTH ASSOCIATION OF MUSEUMS. Curatorship: indigenous perspectives in post-colonial societies - proceedings. Canadian Museum of Civilization Commonwealth Association of Museums and the University of Victoria: Ottawa,1996, p.56-76.
ESTADOS UNIDOS. Public Law 101-185 - National Museum of the American Indian Act. Washington DC, Novembro 1989. Disponível em https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-103/pdf/STATUTE-103-Pg1336.pdf. Acessado em 04/09/2020.
ESTADOS UNIDOS. Public Law 101-601 - Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act. Washington DC, Novembro 1990. Disponível em https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-104/pdf/STATUTE-104-Pg3048.pdf. Acessado em 04/09/2020.
GALLA, Amareswar. Public Lecture: Indigenous peoples, museums and framework for effective change. In: CANADIAN MUSEUM OF CIVILIZATION; UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA (B.C.); CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM; COMMONWEALTH ASSOCIATION OF MUSEUMS. Curatorship: indigenous perspectives in post-colonial societies - proceedings. Canadian Museum of Civilization Commonwealth Association of Museums and the University of Victoria: Ottawa, 1996, p.82-95.
GOVERNANCE. Disponível em https://americanindian.si.edu/about/governance. Acessado em 10/09/2020.
KREPS, Christina. Changing the rules of the road: post-colonialism and the new ethics of museum anthropology. In: MARSTINE, Janet. (Ed). Redefining ethics for the twenty-first-century museum (The Routledge Companion to Museums Ethics). Routledge: Londres, 2011, p. 70-84.
LONETREE, Amy. Museums as sites of decolonization. Truth telling in National and tribal museums. In: SLEEPER-SMITH, Susan (Ed). Contesting knowledge. Museums and indigenous perspectives. University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln/Londres, 2009, p. 322-337.
MARSTINE, Janet. The contingent nature of the new museum ethics. In: MARSTINE, Janet. (Ed). Redefining ethics for the twenty-first-century museum (The Routledge Companion to Museums Ethics). Routledge: Londres, 2011, p. 3-25.
McKEOWN, C.Timothy; HUTT, Sherry. In the smaller scope of conscience: the Native American Graves Protection & Repatriation Act twelve years after. UCLA Journal of Environmental Law and Policy, v.21, n.3, p. 153-212, 2003.
McMULLEN, Ann. Reinventing George Heye. Nationalizing the museum of the American Indian and its collections. In: SLEEPER-SMITH, Susan. (Ed) Contesting knowledge. Museums and indigenous perspectives. University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln/Londres, 2009, p. 65-105.
MOUNTAIN, Rebecca. The future of the past: reclassification of “culturally unidentifiable” human remains under NAGPRA. Arizona Anthropologist, v.28, p.66-75, 2017.
MUSEUMS USA. Disponível em http://www.museumsusa.org/museums/. Acessado em 09/09/2020.
NASH, Stephen E.; COLWELL, Chip. NAGPRA at 30: the effects of repatriation. Annual Review of Anthropology, v.49, p.225-239, 2020.
NATION TO NATION. Disponível em https://americanindian.si.edu/explore/exhibitions/item?id=934. Acessado em 08/09/2020.
NATIONAL NAGPRA PROGRAM. Disponível em https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/DownloadFile/620933. Acessado em 08/09/2020.
NMAI. Disponível em https://www.si.edu/sites/default/files/newsdesk/building/nmai.jpg. Acessado em 10/09/2020
OUR HISTORY. Disponível em https://www.si.edu/about/history. Acessado em 09/09/2020.
OUSLEY, Stephen D., BILLECK, William T., HOLLINGER, R. Eric. Federal repatriation legislation and the role of physical anthropology in repatriation. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, v.48, p.2-32, 2005.
ROCA, Andrea. Museus indígenas na Costa Noroeste do Canadá e nos Estados Unidos: colaboração, colecionamento e autorrepresentação. Revista de Antropologia USP, v.58, n.2, p.117-142, 2015.
SHANNON, Jennifer. The construction of native voice at the National Museum of the American Indian. In: SLEEPER-SMITH, Susan (Ed). Contesting knowledge. Museums and indigenous perspectives. University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln/Londres, 2009, p. 218-247.
SWEENEY, Thomas W.; HICKS, Carol Grace. Biography: George Gustav Heye. Smithsonian Institution Office of Public Affairs, janeiro, 1997. Disponível em https://web.archive.org/web/20110718120846/http://americanindian.si.edu/press/releases/gghc_biography.html. Acessado em 10/09/2020.
VELTHEM, Lucia H. van. O objeto etnográfico é irredutível? Pistas sobre novos sentidos e análises. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (Ciências Humanas), Belém, v. 7, n. 1, p. 51-66, 2012.
VELTHEM, Lucia H. van. Museus, coleções etnográficas e a busca do diálogo intercultural. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (Ciências Humanas), v.12, n.3, p.101-114, 2017.
TORRENCE, Robin; CLARKE, Anne. Creative colonialism: locating indigenous strategies in ethnographic museum collections. In: HARRISON, Rodney; BYRNE, Sarah; CLARKE, Anne. (Ed). Reassembling the collection: Ethnographic museums and indigenous agency. School for Advanced Research Press: Santa Fé, p. 171-195, 2013.
WATKINS, Joe E. The Antiquities Act at one hundred years: a Native American perspective. In: HARMON, David; .McMANAMON, Francis P.; PITCAITHLEY, Dwight T. (eds). The Antiquities Act: a century of American Archaeology, Historic Preservation, and Nature Conservation. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, p.187-198, 2006.
WATSON, Ashley Bartman. Mediating NAPGRA: bringing cultural consideration back to the table. Ohio State Journal on dispute resolution, v.32, n.1, 2017, p.171-194.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Rebeca Ribeiro Bombonato
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
